07/18/2026
Holding onto your pre-IPO stock options until the company exits can create an unexpected tax burden.
Many early or growth-stage tech employees hold their options for years. They wait for an acquisition or an initial public offering before taking any action.
The logic seems simple. Why spend cash to exercise options when there is no public market to sell the shares?
The risk is that waiting until the exit can compress all your gains into a single tax year.
If you exercise and sell everything at the IPO, the entire spread is taxed at ordinary income rates.
For ISOs, exercising early and holding the shares for at least one year before selling allows the gains to qualify for long-term capital gains treatment.
This requires balancing the risk of investing cash into illiquid shares against the potential tax savings. One approach is doing a partial exercise over multiple calendar years to spread the financial risk.
How are you managing the timeline on your unexercised option grants?